Low-cost 3D printing术语翻译准备工作

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2013
11/07
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本帖最后由 diablo77521 于 2013-11-7 16:16 编辑

3D Printing: Glossary
Source:
http://www.reprap.org/wiki/Glossary
http://wiki.solidoodle.com/glossary
ABS
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. A thermoplasticused as a 3D printer material. Often ABS
is used as a short form, actually referringto filament made of ABS.
Bed
The build plate of the 3D printer on whichparts are actually made.
CAD
Computer-Aided Design: software for 2D and3D modeling.
Carriage
The moving middle assembly on the x-axis of Mendel which holds the extruder. Often
referred to as: x-carriage.
Extrude
The act of placing the build material on thebuild platform, normally by heating
thermoplastic to a liquid state and pushingit through a small nozzle.
Extruder
A group of parts which handles feeding and extruding  of the build material. Consists of
two assemblies:  a cold end to pull and feed the thermoplasticfrom the spool, and a hot  end
that melts and extrudes the thermoplastic.
FDM
Fused deposition method; same as FFF.
FFF
Fused filament  fabrication. Where a droplet  of one material  (plastic, wax,  metal, etc. ) is
deposited on top of or alongside the samematerial making a joint (by heat or adhesion)
Filament
Two uses: Plastic material made into (often3mm) string to be used as raw material in 3D
printers. Extruded plastic (often < 1mm)
G-code
The information sent over the wire from aPC to most computer numerical control (CNC)
machines –including  most  3D printers–  is  in G-code.  While  in principle  a  human could
directly type G-code commands to a 3D  printer, most people prefer to use  one ofthe many
CAM Toolchains that reads a STL file andsends lines of G-code over the wire to the machine.
Some researchers are developingalternatives to G-code.
Heated Bed
A build surface that is warmed in order tokeep the base of an extruded part from cooling
(and shrinking) too quickly. Such shrinkingleads to warping internal stresses in printed parts.
The most common result  is corners of  parts lifting off the build surface.  Heatedbeds usually
yield higher quality finished builds.
Hot End
The parts  of  the extruder  that  get hot  enough  to melt  plastic,  or potentially  other
materials.  Hot end  parts  use materials  that  can stand  up  to ~240  C  heat (for  current
thermoplastic extrusion). The hot endusually  refers to the tip of  the extruder as it should be
hottest there.
Infill
This is the inside of the printedpart.  Infill can be made is variouspatterns, and generally
saves you money on filament vs. a solidpart.
Infill Ratio
The ratio of solid material to infill. Thiswill decide how "solid" your part is.
Kapton tape
Heat-resistant  polyamide adhesive  tape.  Used to  secure  the heating  element  to  the
extruder barrel. It can also be used on thesurface of a heated bed.
.OBJ
A geometry definition simple data-formatthat represents 3D geometry alone.
Parametric
(Adjective) Adjustable in all dimensions.A  parametric model  is  onethat  can be resized
and or distorted to suit the user's needs.In CAD software, If a   widget  has a  1 cm  hole in  it, you  can select  that  hole and  make  it a  5  mm hole  with  a few  clicks,  as opposed  to  a
triangular mesh  (see  entry on  .STL),  which is more difficult  to  adjust. The  native  format of
several useful software packages can storeparametric models.
PLA
Polylactic acid.  A  biodegradable thermoplastic  polymer  used as a  3D printer  material.
Often PLA is used as a short form, actuallyreferring to filament made of PLA.
Raft
A technique  used  to prevent  warping.  Parts are  built  on top  of  a 'raft'  of  disposable
material instead of  directly  on the build surface. The  raft  is larger  than the  part and  so  has
more adhesion. Rarely used with heatedbuild surfaces.
RP
Rapid prototyping.  Creating an object in a matter of  hours on a "3D printer" as opposed
to sending out a job to a modeling shopthat can take days or weeks.
RepRap
A RepRap machine  is  a rapid  prototyping  machine that  can  manufacture a  significant
fraction of  its  own parts.  The  RepRap project  is  a quest  to  make a  desktop-sized  RepRap
machine.
Slicing
The process that converts 3D  models into a format understood by 3Dprinters. The model
is "sliced" into layers which canbe placed by the extruder.
SLS (Selective Laser Sintering)
Additive manufacturing  process, which fuses photosensitive  powder materials by a  laser
to form a solid object. It offers a widerange of print materials.
Stepper Motor
Motors which operate  only indiscrete  increments of  rotation. This is the  type of motor
most commonly used in low-cost 3D printers.
.STL (Stereo Lithographic)
A recommended file  format  used to describe 3D objects. A  design(CAD) program  can
produce an STL file which can then be fedto a 3D printer or 3D rendering graphics package.


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2013-11-7 16:15:22 | 显示全部楼层
3D 打印:术语表

来源: http://www.reprap.org/wiki/glossary

  http://wiki.solidoodle.com/glossary



ABS:

ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) ,3D 打印的一种热塑性材料,ABS 是这种塑料的英文缩写,实际使用中,线材都有ABS组成。

Bed:

3D 打印机上承载打印部件的平板。

CAD:

Computer-Aided Design:2D和3D建模软件。

Carriage:

在孟德尔机型中,承载挤出头的中间移动部件。也称X轴托架。

Extrude:

3D 打印机在平台上,经过加热ABS融化成液态后,由挤出头吐丝的动作。

Extruder(吐丝器或挤出头):

挤出头由一组零件组成,包括送料和挤出两个部分构成:一端从料架上拉ABS线材并送进挤出头,另外一端融化并挤出ABS材料。

FDM(熔融沉积成型):

Fused deposition method;参考FFF解释。

FFF(熔融沉积成型)

Fused filament fabrication,某种材料(塑料、蜡、金属等)的液滴堆叠或者附着在相同材料上形成节点(通过解热或粘着)

Filament

两种规格:3D打印的原材料,通常制成线条状(3mm)。经过挤出头后出来的尺寸通常小于1mm。

G-code

从PC端发送到计算机数据控制单元(包括大多数3D 打印机)的信息存放在G-code中。原则上可以直接发送G-code给3D打印机,但大多数人更愿意使用一些CAM软件读取STL文件,然后发送G-code给机器。一些学者正在探索替代G-code(译者注:参考Hod Lipson 提出的AMF格式)。

Heated Bed(加热平台)

加热的平面,避免出现经过挤出头加热后的材料冷却(或收缩)过快。这种情况会导致打印件内部弯曲,中心部分脱离加热平面导致变形。有了加热平台就能制造出更高质量的打印件。

Hot End(热端)

热端是挤出头的部件,加热足够高的温度融化塑料或其他材料。加热温度到 240 ℃(一般是这个温度)。热端温度通常参考挤出头嘴尖的位置,这块温度会更高些。

Infill(填充)

填充指打印件的内部。填充可以是各种形式,相对于实心件,可以节约在线材方面的支出。

Infill Ratio(填充比例):

填充比例是相对于实心件的比例。这个数据决定打印件用料有多“实在”。

Kapton tape(耐高温胶带):

聚酰胺材质的耐高温胶带。保护挤出头附近的加热部件。通常用在加热台的表面。

.OBJ
一种几何数据定义格式,只体现3D几何形态

Parametric(数据参数)

所有尺寸的数据参数,通过它改变大小和扭曲度,以适应用户的需求。在CAD软件里,如果一个零件上有1cm的洞,通过一系列的点击,对照三角形网络(参考.STL解释),就可以修改到5cm的洞。很多软件包和原始数据都能保存数据参数模型。

PLA

Polylactic acid聚乳酸。一种用在3D打印的生物热熔聚合物。通常PLA最简单的形式就是制成线材。

Raft(支撑垫)

防止打印件弯曲的技术。打印件在任意材料的“支撑垫”上堆叠,而不是直接在打印机的平板上。支撑垫比打印件大且有更强的附着性。很少以加热平台的方式使用。

RP(快速打印成型)

Rapid prototyping,相对于把图纸发给模具商店花费数天或数周的时间,快速打印成型是指几个小时内打印“3D”件。

RepRap

一种快速打印成型的打印机,能制造自己的关键零件。Reprap项目目的是打造出桌面级的Reprap机器。

Slicing(切层或切片)

这个步骤,是指把3D模型转换成3D打印机能接受的格式。模型被“切片”成挤出头能够堆叠的打印层,

SLS(选择性激光烧结)

Selective Laser Sintering,额外的制造工艺,通过激光融化光敏性粉末,形成实心物体。这种工艺扩大了打印材料的范围。

Stepper Motor(步进电机)

非连续增量旋转的马达,在低成本3D打印机中广泛使用。

.STL(Stereo Lithographic)

一种推荐的文件格式,用来描述3D物体。设计(CAD)程序可以生成STL文件,然后给后端的3D打印机或3D图形渲染处理。
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